I-R76-1 isindululo saMazwe ngaMazwe kwizinto ezingezizo ezizenzekelayoIzixhobo zokukalayenza i-zero point kunye ne-zero ibeka umba obaluleke kakhulu, kwaye ayibeki kuphela iimfuno zokulinganisa, kodwa kunye neemfuno zobugcisa, kuba ukuzinza kwendawo ye-zero yaso nasiphi na isixhobo sokulinganisa sisiqinisekiso esisisiseko sokusebenza komlinganiselo.La magama alandelayo ahambelana ngokusondeleyo kwinqanaba le-zero, sichaza, sihlalutya ngokulandelelana.
(1) Impazamo yokubonakalisa: Umahluko phakathi kwexabiso elibonisiweyo lesikali kunye nexabiso lokwenene lobunzima obuhambelanayo (ingqungquthela).
(2) Ubuninzi bemposiso evunyiweyo: Kwisikali esikwindawo yereferensi kwaye simiselwe kuqanda kungekho mthwalo, owona mahluko uphezulu okanye ongalunganga phakathi kwexabiso elibonisiweyo kunye nexabiso lokwenyani elihambelanayo eligqitywe bubunzima obuqhelekileyo bereferensi okanye ubunzima obuqhelekileyo. kucetyiswa ukuba kuvunyelwe.
(3) Isixhobo se-Zeroing: Isixhobo esiseta ixabiso elibonisiweyo kwi-zero xa kungekho mthwalo kumphathiswa.Kwizikali zombane, kuqukwa: isixhobo sokuziro esizihambelayo, isixhobo sokuziro esizenzekelayo, isixhobo sokuqala sokuthi zero, isixhobo sokulandela umkhondo.
(4) Ukuchaneka kwe-Zeroing: Emva kokuba isikali sinqanyuliwe, umphumo wephutha le-zero kwisiphumo sokulinganisa ungaphakathi kwe-± 0.25e.
(5) Iphutha le-Zero point: emva kokukhulula, i-zero point of the scale ibonisa impazamo yexabiso, impazamo enkulu evumelekileyo kuluhlu lwe-± 0.5e kwi-calibration yokuqala.
(6) Isixhobo sokulandelela iqanda: isixhobo esigcina ngokuzenzekelayo iqanda elibonisa ixabiso phakathi koluhlu oluthile.Zero isixhobo umkhondo sisixhobo ezizenzekelayo zero.
Isixhobo sokulandelela iZero sinokuba namazwe amane: hayi, ayisebenzi, ibaleka, iphuma kuluhlu lokusebenza.
Isixhobo sokulandela umkhondo esinguziro sivumelekile ukuba sisebenze xa:
- Ixabiso elibonisiweyo ngu-zero, okanye elilingana nexabiso elibi lobunzima xa ubunzima obubonke bungu-zero;
– kwaye ibhalansi isekuzinzisweni;
– ulungiso alukho ngaphezu kwe-0.5 e/s.
1. Zero yovavanyo isixhobo umkhondo
Njengobuninzi beemveliso ze-electronic balance e-China okwangoku, kukho isixhobo sokulandela umkhondo, ngoko ke imfuneko yokuvavanya indawo yempazamo ye-zero, kufuneka uqinisekise ukuba umkhondo we-zero awukwazi ukusebenza.Emva koko, isixhobo sokulandelela i-zero "asisebenzi" indlela yodwa kukubeka ubunzima obuthile bomthwalo kufuphi nendawo ye-zero, ukwenzela ukuba ukulandelela i-zero ngaphaya koluhlu lwalo lokusebenza.
(1) misela izinga lokulungiswa kwesixhobo sokulandela umkhondo we-zero
Ngenxa yemigangatho efanelekileyo kunye neenkqubo zokulinganisa kwireyithi yokulungiswa kokulandela umkhondo we-zero ayigqitywanga kwindlela, yafumanisa ukuba kukho abantu abathile kule ngqikelelo, ngokuqaphela ukwandisa izinga lokulungisa, ukuze isixhobo sokulinganisa sibuyele kwi-zero ngokukhawuleza, ukuze ukubonisa ukuba umgangatho wemveliso yemveliso nganye ugqwesile.Ngenxa yesi sizathu, umbhali ushwankathele kumsebenzi wangempela wendlela, unokukhawuleza kwintsimi ukujonga ireyithi yokulandela i-zero yesikali.
Vula amandla, uzinzise ubuncinci be-30min, ubeke umthwalo we-10e kwi-carrier carrier, ukwenzela ukuba isikali "sokulandelela i-zero" siphume kuluhlu lokusebenza.Faka ngobunono umthwalo we-0.3e kwizithuba malunga ne-2 kwaye ugcine ixabiso.
Emva kwe-3 ngokulandelelana kwemithwalo ye-0.3e, isikali sibonisa ukwanda okukhulu kwesahlulo esinye, esibonisa ukuba isixhobo asikho okanye asiyi kusebenza.
Ukuba isikali asibonakalisi ixabiso emva kwemithwalo ye-3 ye-0.3e, iyunithi isasebenza kwaye ilandelelanisa izilungiso ngaphakathi kwe-0.5e / s.
Emva koko, susa ngobumnene imithwalo ye-3 0.3e kwaye isikali kufuneka sibonise ukuhla okukhulu kwesahlulo esinye.
Kutheni kusetyenziswa imithwalo ye-3 0.3e?
Umthwalo we-0.3e ungaphantsi kwezinga lokulungiswa kwe-0.5e / s;kunye nemithwalo ye-3 0.3e inkulu kune-0.5e / s kwaye ingaphantsi kwezinga lokulungiswa kwe-1e / s (kuba izinga elifunekayo lokulungiswa linyuswa kwi-0.5e / s intervals).
(2) Beka ngokuthe ngqo ukuba ungakanani umthwalo ongaphaya koluhlu lokulandela umkhondo
I-R76, ngexesha lovavanyo ekuthethwa ngalo, yayifuna umthwalo we-10e ukuba ubekwe ngaphaya koluhlu lokulandela umkhondo onguziro.Kutheni i-5e imithwalo, kutheni i-2e imithwalo?
Nangona kwiingcebiso zamazwe ngamazwe kunye nemimiselo yethu efanelekileyo ichazwe ngokucacileyo ukuba izinga lokulungiswa kwesixhobo sokulandelela i-zero kufuneka libe yi-"0.5e / s", kodwa abaninzi abavelisi bezixhobo zokulinganisa, kumzi-mveliso wesixhobo abazange babeke izinga lokulungiswa kwesixhobo sokulandela umkhondo kwi-zero. le ngongoma.Nokuba abanye abavelisi besixhobo sokulinganisa, babekwe kwinqanaba eliphezulu lokulungisa (okwangoku bona umlinganiselo ophezulu wokulungiswa kwe-6e / s).
2. Ukukhangela ukuchaneka kwe-Zero
Ukuba isixhobo sokulinganisa asinawo umsebenzi wokulandelela i-zero, okanye kukho utshintsho olukhethekileyo lokuvala isixhobo sokulandelela i-zero, ekufumaneni "ukuchaneka kwe-zero" kunye "nephutha le-zero", akukho mfuneko yokubeka umthwalo owongezelelweyo (10e).Ingxaki kukuba uninzi lwezixhobo zokulinganisa e-China azixhotyiswanga ngokutshintsha okungakwazi ukuvala isixhobo sokulandela umkhondo, kwaye zonke zinomsebenzi wokulandelela i-zero, ngoko ukuze sifumane impazamo ye-zero, kufuneka sibeke umthwalo owongezelelweyo. (10e) ukwenza ukuba ihambe ngaphaya koluhlu lokulandelela i-zero xa isikali sithululwa, ukuze sifumane ukuchaneka kommiselo we-zero "kufuphi ne-zero" kunye "nephutha le-zero".Oku kukhokelela “ku-zero” ukuchaneka kweqanda.Ngokulandelelana beka i-0.1e iintsimbi ezongezelelweyo de ixabiso linyuke kakhulu ngesahlulo esinye (I+e), kunye netotali yobunzima obongezelelweyo ngu-∆L, ukwenzela ukuba impazamo ye-zeroing ibe: E0=10e+0.5e-∆L-10e= 0.5e-∆L≤±0.25e.Ukuba inani leentsimbi ezongezelelweyo ngu-0.4e, ngoko: E0=0.5e-0.4e=0.1e<±0.25e..
3. Intsingiselo yokumisela ukuchaneka kwe-zeroing
Injongo yokumisela ukuchaneka kokusetwa kwe-zero kukuqinisekisa ukuba ukubalwa “kwempazamo yokulungisa phambi kokulungiswa” kugqitywe kwinkqubo yokulinganisa.Xa ujonga ukuchaneka kwesikali, impazamo yokulungiswa kwangaphambili inokufumaneka ngefomula: E=I+0.5e-∆LL.Ukuze ukwazi ngokuchanekileyo impazamo kwindawo ethile yokulinganisa isikali, kuyimfuneko ukuyilungisa ngempazamo yenqaku elingu-zero, okt: Ec=E-E0≤MPE.
Emva kokulungiswa kwempazamo yendawo yokulinganisa ngempazamo yenqaku le-zero, kunokwenzeka ukulungisa ixabiso elidlula kancinane impazamo enkulu evumelekileyo njengoko kufanelekile, okanye ukulungisa ixabiso elibonakala lingaphakathi kuluhlu olufanelekileyo njengolungafanelekanga.Nangona kunjalo, kungakhathaliseki ukuba ulungiso lufanelekile okanye alufaneleki, injongo yokusebenzisa i-zero point error corrected data kukwenza iziphumo zovavanyo zisondele ekuchanekeni kokwenene kwesikali.
4. Zero Imposiso Ukuzimisela
Okokuqala, ukulinganisa kufuneka kunqume impazamo ye-zero yesikali ngale ndlela: ngaphambi kokususa wonke umthwalo kumthwali womthwalo wesikali, kuyimfuneko ukubeka umthwalo we-10e kumthwali womthwalo, uze ususe umthwalo. ukusuka kumphathi womthwalo, kwaye ubeke i-0.1e iintsimbi ezongezelelweyo ngokulandelelana de ixabiso linyuswe ngokucacileyo ngesahlulo esinye (I+e), kunye nokuqokelelwa kweentsimbi ezongezelelweyo ngu-∆L, emva koko ugqibe impazamo yenqaku le-zero ngokwendlela indawo edanyazayo, E=10e+0.5 E=10e+0.5e-∆L-10e=0.5e-∆L≤±0.5e.Ukuba ubunzima obongezelelweyo buqokelela kwi-0.8e, ngoko: E0=0.5e-0.8e=-0.3e<±0.5e.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-14-2023